You can uses the word ‘Under’ both as a preposition and an adverb. However, the word is mostly used as a preposition and has wide range of meanings and application in our daily casual and formal communications. So keep reading for more!
A. Under means ‘someone or something is in a position below or lower than something else. In this case, one thing looks like covering other. Look at the sentences below :
1. A cat is sleeping under my bed.
2. You can keep the bag under the table.
3. Do you know what’s under the desk?
4. Please come under the umbrella as it is raining heavily.
5. We five friends stood under an umbrella to escape getting wet.
B. If anything like a book, an article, an story or a report or a piece of information is under a particular title or heading etc. it can be found with that title or anything specific in a book, magazine, paper or journal or in a list. See the examples below :
1. The Daily Star yesterday published a report under the heading ‘Crack down on casinos’.
2. On 21st September, there’s an AFP report on Kashmir situation under the title ‘Screams in the night in J & K’.
3. This book can be found under history catalogue in the library.
4. The item you are asking for is not under the main menu but under the desert.
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C. Under as a preposition means something is ‘less than something else’. See the examples below :
1. This dress will cost u under 10 dollars. (meaning the price of the dress is less than the amount).
2. All the items available in this shopping mall are under 100 euros.
3. The discount of flat 50 percent applies only to people under 30 years. (meaning individuals who are below 30 will get the discount).
4. If you are under 18 years of age, you will be automatically disqualified for driving license.
5. As per rules of Bangladesh, if any individual is under 25, he or she will not be eligible to get married.
D. Under means ‘to be or remain in a specific state or condition. Look at the examples below :
1. The patient is under (or on) life support.
2. My father has suffered a massive heart attack. So he’s been kept under ICU.
3. For cesarean section, every woman needs to be kept under anesthesia.
E. Under means ‘going through something or experiencing something’. See the examples below :
1. The market has been under fire for an hour now. (meaning the market is going through fire or suffering it).
2. The government’s proposal to build a bigger airport is under serious consideration of AIIB.
3. The signatories to Paris agreement have failed to keep global climate change situation under control.
F. If an area is under a type of plant, then it means ‘that plant grows on the whole of the area.’ See the examples below :
1. The backyard of our house is under a kind of grass.
2. The south area of our village remains under paddy during summer.
G. Under means ‘using a name that is not one’s real name’. Look at the following examples :
1. My father usually writes articles in newspapers under (the name of) Musa K.
2. Our CEO writes novels under John Perry.
3. You can write stories online under Juan Kyle.
4. Novel laureate Rabindranath Tagore used to write poems under a name called…. .
5. Politicians usually run illegal businesses under some symbolic names.
H. Under means ‘someone or something is run, controlled or governed by someone else, an organization or a force. Check the examples below :
1. The White House is under President Donald Trump now.
2. The whole Indian continent was under British rule till 1947.
3. Under billionaire Mark Zuckerberg, there are about 15 employees at Facebook’s Silicon Valley Headquarters.
4. In the Bangladesh government, there are around 47 ministers under Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina.
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I. be under order ‘means someone has been ordered to do or not to do something.’ Look at the sentences :
1. The police are under hard orders to maintain the crackdown on illegal casinos and clubs across the country.
2. My father is suffering from type-2 diabetes. So he is currently under a medicine specialist’s orders not to take rice more than once a day.
3. A top politician from the ruling party is under law enforcement agencies orders to refrain from leaving the country in the wake of campaign against corruption and extortion.
J. Under means ‘remain in a state or belief’, often wrongly. Look at the examples :
1. He is always under a belief that something positive will surely happen if there is hard work.
2. In order to be successful in life, do not ever be under negative ideas or perceptions.
To sum up, practice is the key to gaining command over anything, be it learning English, riding bicycle etc. If you want to have good understanding and knowledge of the uses of the word ‘under’ as both preposition and adverb, then there’s no alternatives to consistent practice. Keep practicing with us! Good Luck!